What does systems thinking teach?

* Complex, dynamic systems never run perfectly - they are prone to failure and degradation ("Accidents are normal")
* It is particularly hard to manager risk that is remote, emerging, or latent ("Not all failure is foreseeable")
* People who manage complex work are fallible, no matter how hard they try not to be
- Reason, J., Human Error (Cambridge Univ. Press 1990) -
- Perrow, C., Normal Accidents (Princeton Univ. Press 1999)